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When it's time to choose
As your 65th birthday gets closer, you have decisions to make. Medicare letters start to arrive. Insurance companies call. Flyers come in the mail. Almost every letter uses words like "Initial Enrollment Period," "Part B," and "late enrollment penalty." Each word makes sense on its own, but together they are hard to understand.
A neighbor tells you one thing. A relative in another state tells you something else. The internet says a third thing. The letters say "You may be eligible for..." But does "may" mean yes or no? Should you sign up now, or wait? Many people put together bits of information from different places, and they often get it wrong. These choices have deadlines, and a mistake can cost you money for years.
If you feel like you're the only one who doesn't understand this, you're not. We hear these questions every day. They come from people with all kinds of education, from people of all ages and backgrounds. You have to make decisions, but no one gives you instructions.
A neighbor tells you one thing. A relative in another state tells you something else. The internet says a third thing. The letters say "You may be eligible for..." But does "may" mean yes or no? Should you sign up now, or wait? Many people put together bits of information from different places, and they often get it wrong. These choices have deadlines, and a mistake can cost you money for years.
If you feel like you're the only one who doesn't understand this, you're not. We hear these questions every day. They come from people with all kinds of education, from people of all ages and backgrounds. You have to make decisions, but no one gives you instructions.
"People come to us after they've already received the information. But information and understanding are two completely different things."
From our work at the Council for Cross Cultural Affairs
Let's go through it step by step: what starts on its own, what you need to choose, and how to avoid common mistakes.
The short version
Medicare is federal health insurance for people 65 and older. Most people qualify at 65. You can qualify earlier if you have received disability benefits for 24 months. Your income does not matter.
Only Original Medicare (Parts A and B) starts on its own, and only if you already get Social Security benefits when you turn 65. If you don't, you need to sign up yourself.
Everything else you have to choose. If you do nothing, you still make a choice, but without knowing it.
Only Original Medicare (Parts A and B) starts on its own, and only if you already get Social Security benefits when you turn 65. If you don't, you need to sign up yourself.
Everything else you have to choose. If you do nothing, you still make a choice, but without knowing it.
What starts on its own and what you have to choose
Original Medicare: Parts A and B
Starts on its own if you get Social Security. Part A covers hospital stays, hospice, and care after a hospital stay. Most people pay no monthly premium for Part A. Part B covers doctor visits, tests, and outpatient care. You pay a premium for Part B, and it usually covers 80% after the yearly deductible. You pay the other 20%.
Drug plan: Part D
It does not start on its own. You buy it separately from a private insurance company. Without it, you pay for your prescriptions yourself.
Medicare Advantage: Part C
A private plan you can choose instead of Original Medicare. It usually includes drug coverage and extra benefits. It has its own network of doctors and its own copays. You do not get it by accident. You have to choose it.
Medigap: supplemental insurance
If you stay with Original Medicare, Medigap covers that 20% and other costs you would pay yourself. The easiest time to get it is in the first six months after your Part B starts.
The main choice: two paths
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Costs when you get care
Low, because Medigap covers them
Copays for each service
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No option is best for everyone. The right choice depends on your doctors, your prescriptions, and your budget. Before you choose a plan, check that it includes your doctors and each of your prescriptions, by name.
Three common mistakes
Thinking Medicare starts on its own when you turn 65
Sometimes it does, and sometimes it doesn't. Even when it does, you only get Original Medicare, with no drug coverage and no extra protection.
Not knowing which plan you have
A 67-year-old man thought for two years that he had Medicare Advantage. He only had Original Medicare, with no other plans. He paid for his prescriptions himself and thought that was normal. Then the prices went up.
Putting letters away without reading them
The most important part, about deadlines and penalties, is usually at the bottom of the page in the smallest print. Many people read the first three lines, don't understand them, and put the letter away.
"He didn't make a math mistake. He just didn't know he had a choice."
From our work at the Council for Cross Cultural Affairs
Who we are
The Council for Cross Cultural Affairs is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit in Sacramento. We hold seminars and one-on-one meetings. We don't sell insurance, and we don't give legal advice. We explain how things work. We answer the questions people feel embarrassed to ask because they think, "I'm an adult. I should understand this."
We hold free seminars on Medicare and Medi-Cal. We explain how the system works in simple words, go through real letters, and answer questions. Some people sign up on their own. Some come with their children. Some come with a neighbor just for company, and then the neighbor asks the best questions.
To learn about the next seminar, call (916) 483-5454.
How the free consultation works
Step 1
Fill out the form or call (916) 483-5454. We'll call you back within one business day to set up a time that works for you. We can meet by phone, by video, or in person in Sacramento.
Step 2
We look at your situation together: your age and deadlines, your doctors, your prescriptions, and whether you have Medi-Cal or insurance through work. You can bring the letters you don't understand, and you can bring your children.
Step 3
You leave with a clear plan: what to sign up for, when to do it, and where to go. The decision is always yours.
Why is it free? We're a nonprofit, and explaining these programs is our mission. We don't charge for consultations or seminars, and you don't owe us anything after we talk.
Book a free consultation
Leave your name and phone number. We'll call you back and answer your questions.
Prefer to call? (916) 483-5454
Important:
Never give personal information over the phone to people you don't know.
Never give personal information over the phone to people you don't know.
Important: Never give personal information over the phone to people you don't know.
Never sign anything a stranger sends you by mail. There is a lot of fraud around Medicare and Medi-Cal right now.
Questions people ask us
Will Medicare start automatically at 65?
If you already get Social Security, usually yes, and your card will come in the mail. If you don't, you need to sign up yourself. Either way, only Original Medicare starts on its own.
How do I know which Medicare I have?
Look at the cards in your wallet. Original Medicare has a Medicare card, and an Advantage plan has a separate card from the insurance company. If you're not sure, call us at (916) 483-5454, and we'll help you check.
Which is better, Advantage or Medigap?
It depends on your doctors, your prescriptions, and your budget. No answer is right for everyone, so compare both options based on your own situation.
Can I come with my children?
Yes, of course. Many people come with their children or a neighbor. It makes it easier to understand everything and decide.
How much does your help cost?
Nothing. We're a nonprofit, and we don't charge for seminars or consultations.
Do you hold seminars?
Yes. Our seminars are free. To learn about upcoming seminars and register, please call (916) 483-5454. Consultations in other languages are available upon request.